It is based on modern fundamental physics, astronomy and employs a variety of mathematical methods. Cosmology is the study of the largescale structure and. The fundamental force keeping solar systems, binary stars, and galaxies together is the force of gravity as opposed to electric, magnetic, and nuclear forces, and it is not unreasonable to suppose that the force governing the largescale motions of the entire universe is primarily gravitational. Easson hepth0003086, 49 pages, 10 figures string cosmology.
Lectures presented at the first aegean summer school on. Vafa lyman laboratory of physics, harvard university, cambridge, ma 028, usa received 26 september 1991 accepted for publication 11 november 1991 aspects of string cosmology for critical and. This assumption is supported, for instance, by the observation that the spectra of elements found on. Gasperini, a professor of theoretical physics at the university of bari in italy, is a recognized expert in string cosmology and one. Our primary aim is to give attendants the opportunity to present their research via contributed talks and to form collaborations. Has our cosmological history a finite or infinite past extension.
Maurizio gasperini published on 20070726 by cambridge university press. The standard cosmological picture of our universe emerging from a big bang leaves open many fundamental questions which string theory. Phy100 3 cosmology scientific study of the large scale structure of the universe attempt to understand the origin, evolution and fate of the universe the universe. An inflationary cosmology implies the presence of a scalar field that drives inflation. Vafa lyman laboratory of physics, harvard university, cambridge, ma 028, usa received 26 september 1991 accepted for publication 11 november 1991 aspects of string cosmology for critical. Antisymmetrictensor and electromagnetic effects in an. The text provides a clear explanation of the results of hundreds of research articles. Do we understand tunneling when there are more than 2 local minima. It assumes a background in neither general relativity nor statistical mechanics. The universe could have begun almost empty and built up to the bang, or it might even have gone through a cycle of death and rebirth. This course is dedicated to provides a brief introduction to cosmology, which ranges from quantum cosmology to standard modern cosmology, and is aimed at the students at a level for undergraduate of astronomy and astrophysics, as well as physics and theoretical physics. Modi ed gravity and cosmology timothy cliftona, pedro g. Birth of the universe as quantum scattering in string cosmology. Selfcontained, it can be read by astrophysicists unfamiliar with string theory, and highenergy physicists with little understanding of.
The discussion of dark matter was mostly cobbled together from papers, and may be idiosyncratic or out of date. String cosmology department of physics and astronomy. We give an overview of the status of string cosmology. Our focus is on those aspects of cosmology that benefit from the structure of an ultravioletcomplete theory. Gasperini hepth0004149, 22 pages, 3 figures the interface of cosmology with string and millennium theory by d.
Thus it is a good starting point for those entering this exciting field. We explain the motivation for the subject, outline the main problems, and assess some of the proposed solutions. M theory and cosmology tom banks department of physics and astronomy rutgers university, piscataway, nj 088550849 email. The symposium marked a new era in the understanding of the science of the very small and the very large. In summary, we may say that cosmology presents probably the most important challenges for string theory.
Cosmology is the science about the structure and evolution of the universe on the large scale, its past, present and future. This new gordon research conference will explore this important synergistic interface between cosmology and string theory. String cosmology versus standard and inflationary cosmology by m. Basic assumptions made in the construction of cosmological models. In string theory, the myriad of particle types is replaced by a single fundamental building block, a string. More importantly, the spiritpossession phenomena in chipata will be discussed. In string cosmology, this arises from the socalled dilaton field. This 2007 text was the first dedicated to string cosmology, and contains a pedagogical introduction to the basic notions of the subject. After summarizing some of the main properties of mtheory and its dualities i show how it can be used to. The prebig bang scenario istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare. It concerns topics such as the basic content of the universe, the basic parameter such as the density, expansion rate of the.
This question lies at the heart of the scientific revolution beginning in the sixteenth century. Much of the history of the universe in the standard bigbang model can be easily described by assuming that either matter or radiation dominates the total energy density. Soft terms calculable rich phenomenology distinctive moduli cosmology concrete models of inflation closed vs open string inflaton model independent signatures. Aspects of string cosmology for critical and noncritical strings are discussed emphasizing the necessity to account for the dilaton. Lectures on string brane cosmology 5723 quantum cosmology in general may. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. This drastically modifies the intuition one has with einsteins gravity. The standard cosmological picture of our universe emerging from a big bang leaves open many fundamental questions which string theory, a unified theory of all forces of nature, should be able to answer. My main motivation was to make the notation as clear as possible for the cosmological novice. The existence of these vacua can be combined with anthropic reasoning to. Msc particles, strings and cosmology f3k209 course. Physical foundations of cosmology caltech astronomy. This scenario is described and compared with the more conventional quantum cosmology picture, in which the birth of the universe is represented as a process of tunnelling from nothing. The existence of these vacua can be combined with anthropic reasoning to explain some of the hardest problems in cosmology and highenergy physics.
In a wheelerdewitt approach to quantum string cosmology, the present state of the universe arises from the scattering and reflection of the wave function representing the initial string vacuum in superspace. This is a very broad and rapidly developing science. Cosmology is the study of the evolution of the universe from its first moments to the present. Steps towards quantum gravity covariant quantum gravity canonical quantum gravity string theory black holes quantum cosmology. Abriefintroductioninto quantum gravity and quantum. In the past decades, string theory and supergravity have evolved to provide a robust mathematical framework for phenomenological studies of physics. It summarises over 15 years of research and introduces advances.
Nuclear physics b 372 1992 44366 physcs b northholland elements of string cosmology a. Pdf we give an overview of the status of string cosmology. String theory and 4d physics moduli dynamics in early universe. This source of energymatter in the universe satisfies an anomalous equation of state with respect to ordinary matter or radiation and it corresponds to the vacuum energy present in our universe. Lecture 19 big bang cosmology university of rochester. Has our cosmological history a finite or infinite past. String theory suggests a very rich complicated landscape for the wavefunction of our universe tunneling among multiple minima should be studied. These strings can be closed, like loops, or open, like a hair. Pdf holographic principle and string cosmology soo. The apparent observation of dark energy poses problems for string theory. Ferreiraa, antonio padillab, constantinos skordisb adepartment of astrophysics, university of oxford, uk. The conference is designed to bring together young phd and early stage postdoctoral researchers working in theoretical high energy physics, especially in areas of string theory, cosmology, and gravity.
Jun 05, 2015 conversely, observational cosmology is our most promising window for testing fundamental theories at ultrahigh energies. Stabilization of moduli is necessary for string theory to describe the effective 4dimensional particle physics and cosmology. What happens to the universe at ultrahigh energy densities when even gravity should be quantized. In a string theory, elementary particles are described by tiny one dimensional objects in a multidimensional space. An introduction to modern cosmology university of belgrade. Right before the turn of the millenium some cosmological observations have revealed that our universe contains dark energy. Joiningbothareas together provides the possibility of. Please do email me if you find any typos or mistakes. String theory is believed to have a landscape of 10 500 vacua with properties that resemble those of our universe. It seems that every cosmology book has its own notation.
Hidden photons in string theory, in cosmology, and in the. This 2007 text was the first dedicated to string cosmology, and contains a pedagogical. Robert brandenberger mcgill university takayama lectures, august 2016 1117. This chapter explores the role of the chewa spirits of the eastern province in zambia. This is a course on cosmology, aimed at final year undergraduate students. Elements of string cosmology the standard cosmological picture of our universe emerging from a big bang leaves open many fundamental questions. Elements of string cosmology scaricare leggi online. The symmetries of string theory suggest that time did not have a beginning and will not have an end.
Hidden photons in string theory, in cosmology, and in the laboratory 15 ships solar hidden photon search may probe hidden cmb parameter space already in 2011. In either case, the prebang epoch would have shaped the presentday cosmos. Veneziano hepth0002094, 46 pages, 8 figures cosmology report. A pedagogical introduction to aspects of string cosmology, including the landscape bpbt solution to the cosmological constant. One of the most relevant models of string cosmology is the prebigbang scenario 5. Dine department of physics and institute for particle physics university of california, santa cruz, ca 95064 email. Part 3 focuses on the standard model of cosmology, including inflation, dark matter, dark energy, perturbation theory, the cosmic microwave background, structure formation. Cosmology and string theory the very large and the very small debashis ghoshal harishchandra research institute allahabad nasi symposium on string theory, hri 2005. Notes on cosmology april 2014 1 cosmological principle now we leave behind galaxies and beginning cosmology. Cosmology is the study of the evolution of the universe as a whole fig. String theory is the only known consistent theory of quantum gravity that can deal with the highest energy scales near the planck energy, relevant for cosmology s beginning. Steven thomas queen mary, university of london phd student seminar zachary kenton qmul string cosmology 1 39. Observations in cosmology how the models really work.
Finally we present the cosmology of a moving brane in the background of other branes, and as a particular example, we discuss the cosmological evolution of a test brane moving in a background of a type0 string theory. String theory is the most actively studied approach to quantum gravity, and using it to try to determine the physics of the early universe is only natural. This 2007 text was the first dedicated to string cosmology, and contains an authoritative introduction to the basic notions of the subject. The models turn out to be remarkably successful, but we need to ask how secure these foundations are. String cosmology appears to have difficulties in explaining this transition. Maurizio gasperinis elements of string cosmology is a good introduction to that active area of research. Elements of string cosmology pdf epub download cause of.
Tseytlin department of physics and astronomy, the johns hopkins university, baltimore, md 21218, usa c. Strings cosmology and gravity student conference 2017. Friday, april 30, 2010 with dan wohns lecture 2 on string cosmology. As the string moves through time it traces out a tube or a sheet, according to whether it is closed or open. Part 1 covers foundations of relativistic cosmology, whilst part 2 develops the dynamical and observational relations for all models of the universe based on general relativity. Unfortunately, the national bureau of standards has not gotten around to establishing a standard notation for cosmological equations.
String theory is believed to have a landscape of 10 vacua with properties that resemble those of our universe. Throughout the symposium, special attention was given to the connections between the fields. Making use of the tduality symmetry of superstring theory and of the double geometry from double field theory, we argue that cosmological. Hamburg observatory, uni hh, desy toyships presently being assembled and soon to be mounted on oskar lu. The open access journal for physics new jou rnal of ph ys ics antisymmetrictensor and electromagnetic effects in an. Cosmological constant or dark energy strong indication from the hubble diagram of type ia supernovae supported by other experiments such as boomerang, maxima and wmap 2. Does our universe have intelligible regularities that we can understandis it ordered.
This page intentionally left blank elements of string cosmology the standard cosmological picture of our universe emerging from a big bang leaves open many fundamental questions. The lectures begin with a general survey of particle physics and introductory courses on quantum field theory and group theory. Some problems in string cosmology miao li institute of theoretical physics academia sinica the challenges from observational cosmology 1. His current research interests include cosmic microwave background fluctuations, inflationary models, string cosmology, the cosmological constant problem. This is known in literature as the graceful exit problem. Brandenberger introduction string gas cosmology structure formation moduli stabilization challenges conclusions this talk string gas cosmologytoy model of the very early universe based on fundamental principles and symmetries of superstring theory r. Although the mathematical formalism is essential, some of the main ideas underlying the formalism are simple and it helps to have an intuitive and qualitative notion of these ideas. This is a series of lectures on mtheory for cosmologists. In cosmology the most fundamental question we can ask is.
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